Magnitude of Thyroid Disorders in Patients with Abnormal Uterine Bleeding

BACKGROUND: Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) is a common gynaecological complaint, and thyroid dysfunction may contribute to menstrual abnormalities. This study evaluated the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction among women presenting with AUB and its association with clinical characteristics. METHODS: This observational study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Kempegowda Institute of Medical Sciences, Bengaluru, India, from January 2020 to June 2021. It included 100 women with AUB. Demographic and clinical data, such as age, parity, body mass index (BMI), type and duration of AUB, thyroid status, family history, and goitre and thyroid-related symptoms, were documented. Thyroid function tests were used to group the participants into the following categories: euthyroid, subclinical, hypothyroid, and hyperthyroid. RESULTS: The mean age was 34.85 ± 8.29 years, and the mean BMI was 24.74 ± 3.36 kg/m². Thyroid dysfunction was found to be present in 20% of the participants. Heavy menstrual bleeding was the most common AUB pattern (40%), which was not significantly associated with thyroid status (p = 0.398). Significant associations were observed between thyroid status and family history (p = 0.045), goitre (p < 0.001), and thyroid-related symptoms (p < 0.001). FINDINGS: Thyroid dysfunction was found to be relatively common in women with AUB. Women with AUB may need to be evaluated for thyroid function, especially if they experience symptoms or signs suggestive of thyroid dysfunction.