Synergistic Construction of High-Energy and Low-Sensitivity Energetic Materials via Ortho-Nitroamino and a Hydrazine Bridge

Abstract To achieve a balance between detonation performance and thermal stability, a synergistic strategy based on ortho-nitroamino groups and a hydrazine bridge was adopted in this work. Using this approach, compound 2 (6,6′-(hydrazine-1,2-diyl)bis(3,5-dinitropyridine-2,4-diamine)) and its perchlorate (3) and nitrate (4) salts were successfully synthesized via a one-step method in high yield. Notably, compound 3 shows a high thermal decomposition temperature (Td = 316 °C) which is comparable to that of HNS (Td = 318 °C), and its energy performance (Dv = 9135 m·s–1, Pe = 37.9 GPa) approaches that of HMX (Dv = 9144 m·s–1, P = 39.2 GPa). These results demonstrate the potential of compound 3 as a heat-resistant and insensitive explosive for practical applications. Furthermore, they highlight that the synergistic effect of hydrazine bridging and ortho-nitroamino groups holds promise for achieving a balance between high energy and low sensitivity.