The Theory of Coping via Differentiating and Integrating for Adapting: Introducing the CODIA model

This paper introduces the new “Theory of Coping via Differentiation and Integration for Adapting” (CODIA). The two foundational models, IC (cognitive processing) and ADAPT (psychosocial systems), have developed independently over several decades, but have never been combined into one theory and model of how coping leads to adapting. We suggest that there is a causal relationship between coping, differentiation, integration, and adapting, but the mechanisms between coping and adapting have not been conceptualised. Based on our new theory, we propose a CODIA framework through which we suggest operationalisations for each construct. For example, coping begins with appraising a stressor and approaching or avoiding, which leads to differentiation (seeing different elements of, or viewpoints about, the stressor) and subsequently integration (seeing links among the elements and/or viewpoints) and finally adapting. While IC was the foundation for the development of our mediating model, ADAPT was the foundation for the inclusion of five anticipated moderation effects (existential meaning, safety/ security, bonds/networks, justice, roles/identities). We conclude with a proposed research agenda, asking questions about different experiences of stressors, learning to adapt over time, and whether there is such a thing as “perfect” adapting in any situation? This paper offers an integrated and coherent theory of coping and adapting, CODIA, with a set of hypothesised relationships that may offer and advance the grounding of the field.