Cosmic Evolution and Observational Interpretation under the Dynamic Energy String Framework: An Academic Discussion Summary

Abstract The mainstream cosmological model has achieved remarkable success in explaining the cosmic microwave background, light element abundances, and large-scale structure, but still faces explanatory difficulties regarding the Hubble constant tension, cosmic void timescale, nearby galaxy blueshift, the physical nature of dark matter and dark energy, and the internal structure of black holes. This paper organizes a dynamic evolution framework based on three states of energy strings (gravitational string G, repulsive string R, neutral string N). This framework takes the Planck scale as the phase transition critical point, the static string force formula as the criterion, and the dynamic string force formula as the evolution equation, integrating the Euler spiral, Fibonacci sequence, and Mandelbrot fractal, in an attempt to provide a unified alternative explanation for the above anomalies. The framework proposes: the speed of light is the limiting speed for maintaining the RG entanglement structure; the Planck frequency is the logic gate of cosmic phase transition; neutrinos are products of secondary entanglement of neutral strings near the detector; cosmic evolution undergoes three stages: early R-string-dominated expansion, middle G/R balance, and late G-string-dominated contraction. Existing cross-scale statistics show that a log-periodic oscillation with characteristic frequency ω approximately equal to 0.75 has been independently fitted in microscopic, macroscopic, and cosmic systems, with significance exceeding 5σ. This paper argues that the main obstacle to this framework may not lie in data, but in the paradigm shift from "particle-centered" to "energy dynamic evolution."