Statistical Assessment of the Impact of Climate Change on Cotton Yield

Climate change presents significant risks to worldwide cotton output due to alterations in temperature regimes, an increase in drought frequency, and the exacerbation of pest and disease proliferation. Climate anomalies affect cotton plant productivity, which is highly sensitive to hydrothermal regime. Recent research indicates that contemporary irrigation techniques are crucial for mitigating the adverse impacts of elevated temperatures and water scarcity in the development of climate-resilient cotton genotypes. This study determined the relationship between cotton productivity and climatic conditions using statistical methods with ANOVA, MixedLM and Tukey HSD post-hoc analysis. The analysis results highlight that temperature and precipitation significantly influence productivity, with cotton productivity in certain places being more susceptible to climatic influences. Cotton yield was determined to be statistically significantly affected by a combination of precipitation, air temperature and soil temperature in the majority of the regions where the study was conducted (p < 0.05). The Linear mixed-effects model indicated region-specific structural differences, with climate-regional factors having significant explanatory power. The Tukey HSD post-hoc analysis shown statistically significant differences exclusively across specific regions and years. The findings indicate that cotton output shows significant, although region-specific, sensitivity to climatic conditions, thereby offering a scientific foundation for the formulation of climate-adapted management techniques.