Experimental Studies on CO 2 Hydrate Formation Kinetics With Kinetic Promoters

ABSTRACT Carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) sequestration by means of gas hydrate formation is a promising method for mitigating global climate change. However, conventional surfactants like sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) exhibit limitations such as excessive foaming and environmental toxicity. This study examines the effectiveness and environmental impact of Tween 65 (Polysorbate 65) and Tween 80 (Polysorbate 80) as alternative kinetic promoters in CO 2 hydrate formation. The experiments were carried out in a batch reactor system to evaluate the performance of Tween 65, Tween 80, and SDS. The key parameters considered were induction time, gas consumption, water‐to‐hydrate conversion rates, and hydrate formation rates. At 4 MPa and 275.15 K, Tween 80 at 1000 ppm achieved the shortest induction time (56.75 min), compared to SDS (59 min at 1500 ppm) and Tween 65 (84 min at 1500 ppm). Maximum CO 2 uptake of 0.83 mol CO 2 /mol H 2 O was obtained with Tween 80 (2000 ppm), whereas Tween 65 (1500 ppm) achieved 0.80 mol/mol, outperforming SDS by ~33%. Water‐to‐hydrate conversion reached 50% for Tween 80, compared to 18% for SDS. These results demonstrate superior hydrate kinetics and storage efficiency of nonionic surfactants. Tween 65 and Tween 80 are efficient SDS substitutes and possess the potential for green CO 2 hydrate formation. Their biodegradability and low toxicity further support sustainable materials design for next‐generation carbon capture storage technologies. This work establishes a materials‐driven pathway to advance gas hydrates as viable energy storage/separation media.