Association of interleukin-10 levels with futile reperfusion in patients with large vessel occlusion

Futile reperfusion (FR) is common in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients with large vessel occlusion (LVO) treated with endovascular treatment (EVT). This study aimed to assess whether interleukin-10 (IL-10) level is associated with FR. From prospective DETECT2-China (Endovascular Treatment for Acute Ischemic Stroke in China) cohort, we screened consecutive patients with AIS-LVO who achieved successful recanalization and underwent IL-10 test within 24 h after EVT. FR was defined by poor functional outcome (mRS score ≥ 3 at 90 days) despite successful reperfusion (thrombolysis in cerebral infarction scale 2b/3). Eligible patients were divided into non-FR and FR groups. Logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the prediction of IL-10 on FR. A total of 124 patients were enrolled in final analysis, including 60 in non-FR group and 64 in FR group. Logistic regression analysis found that higher baseline NIHSS (14 [11, 18] vs. 17 [13, 21], unadjusted OR, 1.070; 95% CI, 1.012–1.131; P = 0.018; adjusted OR [aOR], 1.106; 95% CI, 1.009–1.213; P = 0.032), baseline serum glucose (12.92 [10.56, 15.41] vs. 15.98 [13.20, 21.71], unadjusted OR, 1.215; 95% CI, 1.079–1.368; P = 0.001; aOR, 1.256; 95% CI, 1.075–1.468; P = 0.004), and higher IL-10 level (2.04 [1.62, 2.39] vs. 2.33 [1.88, 5.84], unadjusted OR, 1.272; 95% CI, 1.047–1.547; P = 0.016; aOR, 2.173; 95% CI, 1.058–4.463; P = 0.035) were independent risk factors for FR. The combined model demonstrated an AUC of 0.862, which was significantly superior to individual markers (AUC: 0.657–0.729; all pairwise DeLong P < 0.05). IL-10 levels were independently associated with FR in AIS-LVO patients with successful endovascular recanalization after EVT, indicating its potential role as a novel prognostic biomarker for futile reperfusion in exploratory analysis. Clinical trial number: NCT05092139|| https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ .