A Descriptive Needs Analysis of Poetry-Writing Teaching Materials for Grade X Vocational High School Students

Poetry writing is an important component of Indonesian language learning because it enables students to express ideas, experiences, emotions, imagination, and creativity through written language. However, poetry-writing instruction requires appropriate instructional support, particularly to help students generate ideas, select diction, organize poems, and apply figurative language. This study aimed to analyze the needs for poetry-writing teaching materials for Grade X vocational high school students. A descriptive needs analysis examined four aspects: lesson planning, lesson implementation, students’ learning difficulties, and teachers’ efforts and expectations. Data were collected using a questionnaire administered to Indonesian language teachers at the participating schools, and the responses were analyzed descriptively using percentages for each aspect. The results showed that teachers required instructional support across all four aspects, with the strongest needs related to students’ learning difficulties and teachers’ efforts and expectations. The findings indicate that prospective materials should provide structured guidance throughout the poetry-writing process, including poetry examples, contextual stimuli, guided exercises, diction and figurative-language activities, varied learning activities, and opportunities for revision and reflection. These findings provide an empirical basis for developing poetry-writing teaching materials that correspond to the instructional needs of Grade X vocational high school students.