Evaluating the suitability of adaptive thermal comfort models for free-running buildings in different climatic conditions in India

Thermal comfort is critical for ensuring occupant satisfaction and energy efficiency but existing approaches may fall short of capturing the complexities in Indian context. This paper examines adaptive thermal comfort (ATC) in free-running buildings in Chennai, Bangalore, Jaipur and Shimla using the ASHRAE Global Thermal Comfort Database and psychometrics. Dynamic simulation is undertaken using Design Builder software to investigate thermal performance of a typical building in Chennai and evaluate passive measures. The results show that conventional threshold levels for thermal comfort may understate the level of tolerance by occupants to warm temperatures if air movement and adaptive responses are possible. Humidity was found to be a significant factor in causing discomfort in Chennai, whereas building orientation and level had an influence on thermal performance with east facing upper floors having greater thermal stresses. Passive techniques such as cross-ventilation, shading and deeper overhang were helpful in reducing discomfort and improving indoor environment.