Occupational Therapy Student Perceptions of Sexuality and Intimacy Education: A Cross-Sectional Study

Sexuality and intimacy are meaningful activities within the scope of occupational therapy (OT), encompassing valued roles and occupations that contribute significantly to a person’s health, well-being, and identity. Despite acknowledgement of their importance, many occupational therapists overlook these areas during routine assessment and intervention because of feelings of insufficient knowledge, comfort, and confidence. This study used a cross-sectional design to electronically survey 149 occupational therapy doctoral (OTD) students across their first, second, or third year of education to determine their perceptions of sexuality and intimacy education. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, and qualitative data were analyzed via codebook thematic analysis. The survey response rate was 75% (n = 112) with results revealing that while 54% of respondents feel comfortable talking to clients about sexuality and intimacy, 82% lack confidence in problem-solving specific client concerns. Moreover, students reported minimal exposure to occupational therapists addressing these topics in practice and want more opportunities to use their skills in a safe environment. Respondents reported that there are gaps in addressing sexuality and intimacy in OTD curriculum, specifically in normalizing the topic of sexuality, preparing students to communicate professionally, and using specific OT interventions and resources. In addition, students identified guest speakers, case-based learning, and role play as the most helpful learning tools for improving their confidence in this area. Finally, students asserted that they want to spend more time on sexuality and intimacy through either an elective course or integration into the existing curriculum. Findings suggest that curricular gaps and areas for improvement exist in OT education concerning the integration of sexuality and intimacy.