Charged Anisotropic Compact Stars in Modified Rastall f (𝒬) Gravity

This paper examines charged anisotropic compact star structures under modified Rastall [Formula: see text] gravity, where [Formula: see text] is the non-metricity scalar. The Karmarkar condition establishes a particular relationship between the metric potentials, making it easier to develop precise solutions to the relevant field equations. Two different methods are used to analyze the behavior of the [Formula: see text] function. To determine the form of [Formula: see text], a hybrid linear equation of state is used in the first method. In the second, [Formula: see text] is kept in the same hybrid form, but [Formula: see text] is given a logarithmic expression. Various gravitational models with hybrid, power-law and exponential forms are examined by changing the parameters [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. The physical plausibility of the obtained configurations is examined using the observed mass and radius measurements of PSR J1614-2230 and PSR J0740+6620. The observational uncertainties are propagated to the derived compactness quantities, while the model parameters are explored within physically viable ranges. A quantitative comparison of the charged and uncharged limits shows that the representative electric charge produces small but non-zero modifications in the surface properties. The resulting configurations satisfy the required physical acceptability and stability conditions.