COMPARATIVE TYPOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF METAPHOR AND METONYMY IN UZBEK AND ENGLISH LANGUAGES

This article presents a comparative typological analysis of metaphor and metonymy in Uzbek and English. The study examines these figures of speech not only as stylistic devices but also as important mechanisms of conceptualization, semantic extension, and communication. Particular attention is given to the structural and semantic principles underlying metaphorical transfer and metonymic association, including similarity, contiguity, part-whole relations, container-content relations, place-institution relations, and the use of human experience as a source of figurative meaning. The comparison demonstrates that both Uzbek and English frequently develop figurative meanings from bodily experience, nature, social relations, and everyday objects, although culturally specific associations may lead to different lexical realizations. The article also considers the difficulties involved in translating figurative expressions between the two languages. The findings indicate that successful translation requires recognition of the conceptual relation behind an expression rather than mechanical substitution of individual words. The study contributes to comparative linguistics, cognitive semantics, translation studies, and foreign language teaching.