Unlocking Speckle‐Free and Near‐Unity‐Efficiency Holography via a Dual‐Layer Metasurface Architecture

ABSTRACT Holography holds considerable promise across diverse applications, yet its practical realization is hindered by a fundamental trade‐off between diffraction efficiency and image fidelity. While suppressing speckle noise is challenging, doing so while pushing diffraction efficiency to its near‐unity physical limit represents an even greater barrier. Here, we address this efficiency‐fidelity trade‐off by integrating a dual‐layer metasurface architecture with a gradient‐based progressive‐efficiency optimization (GPEO) strategy, unlocking a solution space where near‐unity efficiency coexists with pristine image quality. We demonstrate that this configuration effectively eliminates both stochastic speckle and deterministic singularity artifacts, achieving a speckle contrast as low as 0.013 (simulation) and 0.075 (experiment). Remarkably, this high‐fidelity reconstruction is realized alongside record‐breaking diffraction efficiencies of 97% in simulation and 95% in experiment, pushing the system performance to its theoretical ceiling. This work overcomes a key bottleneck in holography, establishing a new benchmark for high‐performance systems and paving the way for their application in advanced display technologies.