Optimized design and analysis of a novel combined-pole PMSM with magnetic barriers for electric vehicles

To meet the demanding performance requirements of electric vehicle (EV) traction motors, this paper proposes a novel combined-pole permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) with magnetic barriers. The flux paths are investigated to compute air-gap magnetic flux density distributions under different main magnetic circuits, followed by Fourier decomposition. Analytical expressions for air-gap flux density, output torque, and cogging torque are derived, identifying key rotor structural parameters and their variation ranges. With optimization objectives including air-gap flux distortion rate, cogging torque, output torque, and torque ripple, a hierarchical multi-objective optimization strategy based on comprehensive sensitivity analysis is proposed. High-sensitivity parameters—tangential parameters (PM) width/thickness and V-shaped PM width/angle—are optimized via evolutionary algorithms. Results demonstrate increased output torque (6.64%) and reduced cogging torque (29.7%).