A Cross-Sectional Observational Study on Doṣaja Mūtrakṛcchra Variants w.s.r. to Urine Analysis

Introduction: Mūtrakṛcchra is an important Mūtravaha Srotovikāra characterized by painful and difficult micturition. Ayurvedic classics describe various Doṣaja variants of Mūtrakṛcchra, each exhibiting distinct clinical manifestations. Dysuria, the cardinal feature of Mūtrakṛcchra, is commonly encountered in clinical practice and is frequently associated with urinary tract infections and inflammatory disorders of the urinary tract. However, studies correlating classical Doṣaja variants with objective urinary laboratory findings are limited. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted on 50 subjects aged 18–50 years diagnosed with Mūtrakṛcchra based on classical signs and symptoms. Doṣaja assessment was performed using a structured Lakṣaṇa based scoring system derived from classical descriptions. Urine samples were subjected to routine, microscopic, and culture examination. Data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistical methods. Results: Pittaja Mūtrakṛcchra was predominant (62%), followed by Vātaja (38%), with no Kaphaja dominant cases. Mūtra Nigrahaṇa and Ānūpa Matsya Sevana were commonly observed Nidānas. Sadāha Mūtra Pravṛtti was the predominant Pittaja Lakṣaṇa, while Muhur Mūtratā and Svalpa Mūtra were prominent Vātaja Lakṣaṇas. Urine culture was positive in 48% of subjects, with Escherichia coli being the most frequently isolated organism. Leucocyte esterase positivity, elevated pus cell counts, increased red blood cells, and culture positivity showed significant association with Pittaja Mūtrakṛcchra. Discussion: Pittaja Mūtrakṛcchra showed greater culture positivity and inflammatory urinary findings, whereas Vātaja Mūtrakṛcchra was predominantly associated with sterile cultures in this cohort. The findings suggest that classical Lakṣaṇa based Doṣaja assessment may demonstrate observable correlations with contemporary urinary laboratory parameters, within the exploratory scope of this study. Keywords: Mūtrakṛcchra, Doṣaja Variants, Urine Analysis, Urine Culture, Dysuria, Urinary Tract Infection