Grid-Impact Limits of High-Penetration Residential Storage and Vehicle-to-Grid in Emerging Energy Communities

As the energy transition accelerates, high-penetration residential Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS) and bidirectional Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) capabilities promise enhanced local resilience and flexibility. However, their uncoordinated deployment presents significant socio-technical and operational challenges for distribution-grid networks. Grounded in interconnection practice from the ERCOT region—used as a proxy for emerging energy communities—this technical white paper presents a conceptual framework to characterize grid-impact limits and proposes a quantitative simulation methodology to evaluate distribution feeder hosting capacity.