Physicochemical and Mechanical Characterization of PLA Composites With Waste‐Derived Reinforcements for 3D ‐Printed Applications

ABSTRACT This study focuses on developing sustainable polylactic acid (PLA)‐based composites reinforced with recyclable fillers, such as sawdust, medium‐density fibreboard (MDF), and textile waste, for advanced 3D printing applications. Following circular economy principles, this study looks to enhance the mechanical, structural, and environmental qualities of PLA by incorporating waste‐derived reinforcements and optimizing processing with compatibilizers. The composites were produced through extrusion and compression molding, then thoroughly analyzed using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, contact angle measurements, and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). Results indicated that the recycled fillers dispersed evenly without modifying the PLA matrix. Mechanical testing showed that certain filler types increased the composite's stiffness and energy absorption. All samples exhibited a single glass transition characteristic of PLA‐based materials. Higher UV exposure caused different degradation patterns. The type and pretreatment of fillers influenced surface hydrophobicity and mechanical performance. Overall, the findings highlight the potential of waste reinforcements to improve the practical properties and durability of PLA, encouraging the use of sustainable materials in furniture and other 3D‐printed products.