Working‐Time Demands and Work–Family Conflict: The Gendered Role of Informal Childcare Support in Germany

ABSTRACT Objective This study examines how perceived availability of informal childcare support moderates the associations between work‐time demands and time‐based work–family conflict (tWFC) for mothers and fathers in dual‐earner families in Germany. Background Increasing work‐time demands, including job‐related time pressure, long hours, and evening work, contribute to tWFC, particularly for parents. Informal childcare support, such as assistance from grandparents or other relatives, may help parents manage work and family obligations. However, the moderating role of informal childcare support has received limited research attention. Method We use data from three waves (6, 8, and 10) of the Panel Analysis of Intimate Relationships and Family Dynamics (PAIRFAM), including 753 mothers and 678 fathers in dual‐earner couples with at least 1 child aged 10 or younger. To examine associations between work‐time demands and tWFC, as well as interactions with informal childcare support, we use random‐effects linear regression models. Results Higher work‐time demands are associated with tWFC for mothers and fathers, with gender differences in magnitude. Mothers report higher tWFC from longer working hours, while fathers' tWFC is associated with job pressure. Informal childcare support moderates these associations: maternal grandmother support is linked to lower tWFC for mothers, whereas fathers benefit more from support from grandfathers, siblings, and other relatives. Implications Findings underscore the gendered nature of tWFC and gender differences in the role of informal childcare support. Policies ensuring access to flexible childcare and supporting care provided by extended family members may help parents manage work and family responsibilities under demanding work‐time conditions.