Comparative analysis of pathology and prognosis of common peroneal nerve sheath cyst

Common peroneal nerve sheath cyst (CPNSC) can lead to peripheral pain, ankle numbness and inability to extend ankles and toes and induce nerve injury of patients. The pathogenesis of common peroneal nerve intrathecal cyst with uncommon occurrence remains to be further explored currently. The aim of our study is to conduct a comparative analysis of the pathological features and prognosis of different types of common peroneal nerve sheath cysts. We compared the prognosis of CPNSC with pathological conditions, as well as the morphological examination results before and after surgery. One case of primary CPNSC and one case of trauma induced CPNSC were included. Pre-operative and post-operative ultrasound and pathological examinations were carried out on the patients, and follow-up was conducted. The pathology and medical imaging may be different in patients with primary common peroneal nerve intramural cysts from injury induced patients. There are scattered and fibrotic cysts in a strip like pattern in the primary common peroneal nerve intramural cysts patients. For trauma induced patients, the cysts were more concentrated and have a larger, intact shape with more mucus accompanied with obviously common peroneal nerve injury were observed. Imaging and pathological examination among primary and trauma induced common peroneal nerve intramural cysts may be different and it needs to pay more attention for clinical treatment measures to targeted interventions to improve the prognosis of patients.