DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION AND LAND ADMINISTRATION PERFORMANCE IN ANAMBRA STATE, NIGERIA: ASSESSING THE EFFECTS OF ADMINISTRATIVE AND TECHNOLOGICAL REFORMS

Digital transformation promises improved land administration, yet technological adoption may coexist with administrative inefficiencies and uneven service outcomes. This study comparatively examined administrative efficiency, technological integration, and land administration performance in Anambra State, Nigeria. A descriptive and explanatory design combined a cross-sectional survey of 428 stakeholders with analysis of official administrative records covering 2012–2025. Survey responses were analysed using descriptive statistics and multiple regression, while administrative outputs were examined through trend analysis and percentage comparisons. Administrative efficiency and technological integration received mean ratings of 2.43 and 2.40, respectively, below the 2.50 agreement threshold. Both were positively associated with perceived performance: administrative efficiency recorded β = .245 (p < .001), compared with β = .148 (p = .001) for technological integration. The complete five-predictor institutional model explained 53.1% of performance variation, F(5,422) = 95.705 (p < .001). During 2012–2024, 8,048 Certificates of Occupancy were issued, averaging 619.08 annually, with an estimated increase of 63.98 certificates per year and compound annual growth of 13.40%. January–November 2025 issuance reached 3,688, exceeding the full-year 2024 total of 1,131. Related document outputs increased from 12,688 to 18,658 across these unequal observation periods, although category-level changes varied. The findings demonstrate that higher recorded productivity coexisted with unfavourable assessments of administrative and technological functioning. Sustainable transformation therefore requires procedural simplification, effective technological integration, staff development, and performance monitoring that combines output measures with service-quality indicators. The observational design supports comparative associations rather than causal attribution of performance changes to reforms