Improving Distribution System Modeling to Better Manage Dead‐End Water Quality

Key Takeaways Compared with advection‐reaction models, advection‐reaction‐dispersion (ADR) models predict lower chlorine levels in water distribution systems’ dead‐end sections; the results also are closer to what is measured in the field. By including dispersion and stochastic household demands, an ADR model reveals that more dead ends may be operating near or below threshold levels. Using ADR model predictions can help utilities prioritize blow‐off and flushing to maintain water quality and minimize water loss.