Understanding Breast Cancer in Transgender Men

Current trends in the United States indicate an increasing population of individuals who identify as transgender. Transgender patients often delay preventive health care, with breast cancer screening rates falling behind those of cisgender patients. Furthermore, within the transgender male population, there is limited literature on the risk of breast cancer among those receiving androgen therapy. Awareness of both the breast cancer risk in the transgender male population and current screening guidelines helps radiologists ensure that transgender patients receive optimal breast care. We present two cases of patient-detected invasive breast malignancy in transgender men, both of whom were receiving gender-affirming hormone therapy with testosterone, and review breast cancer screening guidelines for transgender male patients and potential barriers to care.