CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES OF PHLOMOIDES ISOCHILA AND PHLOMOIDES CANESCENS: PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS AND PHARMACOLOGICAL PROSPECTS

This article reviews the chemical composition, biologically active compounds, and pharmacological research prospects of Phlomoides isochila and Phlomoides canescens, members of the Lamiaceae family, on the basis of available scientific literature. Identifying secondary metabolites in medicinal plants is important for discovering natural sources of bioactive compounds, assessing their biological properties, and defining potential applications of promising plant materials. The essential oil obtained from aerial parts of P. isochila growing in Uzbekistan has been reported to contain β-thujone, camphor, and 1,8-cineole as major volatile components. The essential oil has also been investigated for activity against certain Gram-positive bacteria. A study published in 2026 on P. canescens discusses water-soluble polysaccharides, pectic substances, and hemicellulose components, as well as interactions of isolated fractions with microorganisms and their prebiotic potential. Studies of other Phlomoides species identify iridoids, phenylethanoid glycosides, flavonoids, and diterpenoids as important phytochemical groups. The article compares the available information on the two species and emphasizes the need to combine chromatographic, spectrometric, and biological assays in future investigations.