Occult Spina Bifida in a Young Adult: A Case Report from Peru

Abstract Spina bifida is a congenital neural tube defect characterized by failed closure of the posterior vertebral arches and the neural tube. The timing of its detection depends on the severity and type of lesion. In its most severe form, open spina bifida (myelomeningocele), associated cranial anomalies can be identified prenatally by ultrasound. In contrast, occult spina bifida, a milder and often asymptomatic form, is typically not associated with significant cranial malformations and is most frequently diagnosed during the neonatal period or childhood. While spina bifida is most prevalent and commonly managed in pediatric populations, its prevalence decreases with age. Consequently, it is uncommon to encounter persistent cases in adulthood, particularly those presenting with subtle neurological symptoms such as urinary disturbances or signs exacerbated by maneuvers that increase intrathecal pressure. This report aims to present the case of a young adult with previously undiagnosed occult spina bifida who presented with a lumbosacral mass and intermittent neurological symptoms.