Municipal Libraries as Community Learning Spaces: A Model for Educational Resource Management in Western Visayas

This mixed-methods study used a triangulation design to evaluate municipal libraries in Western Visayas as vital community learning spaces. The paper emphasized libraries' transformative role in supporting lifelong learning and social engagement in the digital age. Thirty-seven librarians and library staff participated in quantitative data collection, while fifteen librarians took part in qualitative interviews. The study used purposive sampling and a self-developed questionnaire under strict ethical oversight; researchers analyzed the data using descriptive statistics and thematic analysis. The study found significant regional differences: libraries on Panay Island reported better digital resources and stronger alignment with academic requirements, while those on Negros Island focused more on out-of-school resources. The study found a negative relationship between the number of patrons and the adequacy of physical collections, suggesting that libraries with fewer patrons perceived their collections as more adequate. Overall, municipal libraries in the region have a strong mix of physical and digital resources but still face persistent challenges in modernization, staffing, and outreach. A limitation of this research is its focus on municipal libraries in Western Visayas, which may not represent experiences in other regions. The study's practical implications include recommendations for libraries to prioritize modernization, diversify funding sources, and expand outreach to remote locations, while strengthening community engagement through enhanced programs and resources. The paper's original value lies in its educational resource management model, which offers a strategic framework for improving library services and fostering lifelong learning in underserved communities.