A structured framework for improving digital transformation maturity in food supply chains

Purpose Digital transformation is the transition from traditional to digital supply chains, enabled by emerging technologies. A digital transformation maturity assessment is necessary to manage this transition effectively. However, existing maturity frameworks for digital transformation in supply chains lack a structured process with detailed actions guiding maturity improvement. This research, therefore, aims to develop a digital transformation maturity improvement framework with evidence from food supply chains (FSCs). Design/methodology/approach In-depth case studies conducted in two food companies were used to gain insights into the digital transformation journey. Adopting diffusion of innovation (DOI) theory, a seven-step maturity improvement process was established, taking into account context-specific influences. Insights obtained from 32 FSC practitioners through a workshop were used to confirm the framework and identify additional improvement actions. Findings The developed prescriptive digital transformation maturity improvement framework presents a circular improvement process, beginning with an evaluation of the current digital transformation status and progressing through the seven steps (initiation planning, alignment, preparation, configuration, pilot testing, scaling and sustaining), followed by re-evaluation to support continuous improvement. The identified internal and external contextual influences highlight their relevance to FSCs. Step-specific actions are provided for advancing digital transformation maturity. Originality/value This study extends the application of DOI theory to develop a maturity improvement process for digital transformation in FSCs. It enriches the understanding of DOI by emphasising the “sustaining” step, which aims to maintain achieved maturity levels and accommodate the evolving nature of digital supply chains.