Analysis of the incidence of malignant neoplasms in different localizations of the population of the Russian Federation

An increase in the incidence of malignant neoplasms (MNs) has been observed worldwide. The structure of incidence by anatomical site varies in different countries. Objective. To examine the main trends in the incidence of malignant neoplasms in the Russian Federation from 2013 to 2023 by major sites and age groups. Materials and methods. Data from Federal Statistical Observation Forms №7 «Information on Malignant Neoplasms» for the Russian Federation from 2013 to 2023 were analyzed. Bibliographic, analytical, and statistical research methods were used. Results. In 2013–2023, the highest incidence rates within the general population in the Russian Federation were recorded for skin cancer (C44), colorectal cancer (C18–21), female breast cancer (C50), trachea, bronchus, and lung cancer (C33, 34), and prostate cancer (C61). In the 0–17 age group, thyroid cancer (C73) demonstrated the highest average incidence growth rate, reaching 6.1%. In the 18–44 and 60–74 age groups, an upward trend in the incidence of a wide range of malignant neoplasms was noted. In the 45–59 age group, the average growth rate of incidence was 0.6% for breast cancer (C50), 0.3% for colorectal cancer (C18–21), and 0.2% for cervical cancer (C53) (p<0.05). Variations in the dynamics and average rate of increase/decrease in the incidence of MNs by age groups indicate the pathogenetic features of their development and influence the redistribution of resources to ensure the treatment of newly diagnosed MNs. Conclusion. In 2013—2023, the most frequently detected anatomical sites of malignant neoplasms were determined: skin, colon and rectum; mammary gland; trachea, bronchus and lung; prostate gland. Their ranking positions in the structure of morbidity vary in different age groups, as do the average annual rates of change in indicators.