End of 322-Year Particle-Light Illusion: Detector is Interface, Not Sensor

This paper examines the detector as the basis for photon-particle claims. We showthat single-photon detectors (SPAD, PMT, SNSPD) are not direct particle sensors.They implement an interface computationO(t) = f (Zlight(t) + Zsensor(t) + G + ϕ) × Gain Threshold−−−−−−→ {0, 1} (1)and therefore map distinct optical fields and internal dark fluctuations to an iden-tical binary output. We identify the following critical gaps:(i) Lack of formal qualification: No single-photon detector has been inde-pendently certified and qualified as a particle sensor by a standards body,including the Nobel Committee, whose award was for the photoelectric effect,not for detector qualification.(ii) Lack of technological transparency: The core sensing mechanism remainsunpublished proprietary information, including material composition, internalgain dynamics, and threshold discrimination logic that determines the {0, 1}output.We conclude that detector clicks alone are insufficient to establish particle nature.We also deny the claimed signature of particle is its color - blue Cherenkov forneutrino