Pore Morphology Modulates Piezoelectric Output in Fluorinated Polyimide-MXene Foam-Based Sensors for Intelligent Wearables

Abstract Fluorinated polyimide (FPI) foam-based sensors with exceptional performance and unique piezoelectric properties have attracted extensive attention for applications in smart wearable electronics and the Internet of Things (IoT) systems. However, conventional foam-based sensors struggle to determine the extent to which the intrinsic triboelectricity caused by the porous structure affects the sensor’s overall electrical output performance. This work integrated the effect of pore morphology on the electrical performance of MXene-filled foam via the hot-pressing process to construct a foam sheet. This design alters the original pore structure of the foam, effectively mitigating the intrinsic triboelectric effect and providing a comparative analysis of the impact of the pore structure on the overall piezoelectric electrical output performance of the foam-based sensor. Furthermore, this integrated sensor enables combining IoT connectivity with medical monitoring applications, providing comprehensive user activity data through real-time monitoring and recognition. The research in this paper provides a research basis for the design and performance regulation of porous material-based sensors and holds profound implications for the advancement of wearable electronics and IoT sensing technology.