Influence of localized failures on the vibration characteristics of gear-rotor-bearing system considering gear lead crown relief

The Gear-Rotor-Bearing (GRB) system plays a critical role in the transmission chains of high-end equipment systems. However, existing research on failure mechanisms tends to neglect the intrinsic coupling effects of key components, leading to inaccuracies in failure modeling and dynamic response prediction. To address these limitations, this paper proposes a novel Analytical-Finite Element Method (AFEM)-based approach for calculating the Time-Varying Meshing Stiffness (TVMS) of gear pair with spalling faults and lead crown relief. Meanwhile, a 32-Degree-of-Freedom (DOF) closed-loop iterative dynamic model is proposed, incorporating nonlinear factors such as time-varying backlash and rotor misalignment. This aims to capture the bidirectional coupling mechanism between localized bearing failures and gear surface load distribution. The study reveals the internal load transfer and contact stress variation law within the GRB system under localized failure, providing a theoretical foundation for analyzing failure mechanisms and vibration control in complex transmission systems.