Clinical Video-Oculography and Video Head Impulse Testing

Vestibular assessment has evolved from subjective bedside observation to quantitative measurement. Electronystagmography-enabled early objective recording of nystagmus, but its clinical use was limited by artifacts and practical challenges. Video-oculography advanced the field with the use of new technology to directly record eye movements providing a simple solution to record all classes of eye movements. The transition from the bedside head impulse test to the video head impulse test followed a similar trajectory, providing clinicians a new way to easily quantify the vestibulo-ocular reflex. This review outlines these technologies and their clinical utility, with an eye toward future applications.