Flexible 3D-printed colon with embedded polyps for colorectal cancer public engagement

Three-dimensional (3D) modelling has demonstrated value in endoscopic training by creating models that improve recognition of colorectal polyp morphology. Building on our previously published research, we aimed to explore how a research-derived 3D printed colon model could function as an alternative visual communication tool to raise public awareness of colorectal cancer (CRC), screening, and interdisciplinary medical careers. A 3D colon model was modelled in ZBrush, and previously validated 3D digital polyp models were embedded within the colon lumen. The colon was segmented so that the model could be 3D printed in parts and connected with embedded magnets, allowing for the model to be broken down into parts to increase educational interactions. The model was 3D printed in thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) to permit flexibility. It was exhibited at the Museum of Liverpool during the British Science Festival 2025 as an interactive engagement artefact, and facilitated conversations around colorectal anatomy and polyp development, and cancer prevention and screening pathways. Its tactile and visual realism encouraged hands-on exploration and cross-generational engagement. We propose that the use of physical 3D printed colon and polyp models for clinical training can be used as powerful public health communication artefacts.