Biomechanical evaluation of maxillary tooth-implant-supported telescopic overdentures with different distal implant angulations under dynamic loading: a three-dimensional finite element analysis

To investigate the influence of distal implant angulation and telescopic crown design on the biomechanical behavior of maxillary tooth-implant-supported overdentures using three-dimensional finite element analysis. Eight finite element models were developed, varying by telescopic crown design (buffered vs. non-buffered) and distal implant angulation (0°, 15°, 30°, 45°). A dynamic masticatory load (150 N) was applied, and von Mises stress and displacement were evaluated. The buffered crown design generally reduced peak stress compared to the non-buffered design. Stress was primarily concentrated in the cortical bone around the implant neck and the cervical area of the natural tooth. Among the tested angulations, the 30° inclination model tended to show lower overall stress and displacement. A buffered telescopic crown design appears to improve the biomechanical performance of tooth-implant-supported overdentures. Under the specific geometric assumptions of the present model, an implant inclination of 30° may offer a favorable biomechanical compromise between stress distribution and displacement, suggesting its potential utility in anatomically compromised posterior maxillae.