Integrating Subscription-Based Inventory Models with a Real-Time Dashboard Under Carbon Tax Policies

In today’s global context of environmental protection, companies increasingly need to consider carbon emission policies in their operations. The purpose of this study is to develop a mathematical decision framework for jointly determining pricing and replenishment decisions in a subscription-based inventory system under carbon tax policies, while considering both subscription and regular sales. To achieve this objective, an inventory model incorporating subscription demand, regular sales demand, and carbon-related costs is developed. The novelty of this study lies in its integration of subscription-based demand dynamics with carbon taxation, showing how the length of the subscription delivery interval and the replenishment cycle jointly affect profitability and carbon emissions over time. The proposed model is examined through theoretical analysis, numerical analysis, and sensitivity analysis to investigate how key parameters influence optimal decisions, profitability, and emissions. A real-time, interactive inventory management dashboard is developed to enhance practical applicability. The dashboard integrates cost structure analysis, sensitivity results, price–profit relationships, and demand profiles over the replenishment cycle, while also offering a model-based carbon emission indicator that supports firms in assessing their emission performance. By bridging theoretical modeling with practical decision-making tools, this study provides actionable strategies and economic insights for businesses, with the ultimate goal of supporting sustainable development while maximizing profits.