Psychological Foundations of Vocational Rehabilitation for Combat Veterans as a Factor in Successful Resocialization

The article examines the issue of vocational rehabilitation for combat veterans as a key condition for their successful reintegration into civilian life. It analyzes the challenges veterans face upon returning to society, including shifts in social status, the need to adapt to new working conditions, and the overcoming of psychological barriers. The main stages of vocational adaptation for veterans with combat-related disabilities are outlined—preparatory, career guidance, vocational training/retraining, job search and placement, and workplace adaptation—with a detailed description of the vocational rehabilitation services provided at each stage. Particular attention is paid to organizing career guidance for injured veterans; the author argues that this process should begin during the hospital-based phase of medical rehabilitation and continue consistently through the sanatorium-resort and outpatient stages. The article presents an original model for organizing vocational rehabilitation that integrates the stages of medical rehabilitation with those of vocational adaptation. A significant portion of the text is devoted to analyzing the role of the social environment—categorized into immediate, close, and extended circles—in the vocational rehabilitation process for injured combat veterans, detailing the functions and specific actions associated with each social group.