Casein-based nanoformulation of luteolin elevates oral bioavailability and alleviates hyperuricemia in a mouse model

Luteolin, a flavonoid extensively existing in dietary plants, is reported to have anti-hyperuricemic potential. But its biological function is compromised by poor oral bioavailability. This work developed a casein-based nanoformulation (LUT@Cas NPs) to overcome the oral barriers of luteolin. LUT@Cas NPs (∼200 nm) were prepared by a green pH-driven method, roughly spherical and exhibited good stability at 4 °C for 9 months. It significantly promoted luteolin release and cellular uptake in vitro , and markedly enhanced its oral bioavailability in vivo . In a hyperuricemic mouse model, LUT@Cas NPs effectively lowered serum uric acid and alleviated renal injury compared to unencapsulated luteolin. These findings suggest that this formulation has potential as a functional food ingredient or nutraceutical for hyperuricemia management.