From Agrarian Roots to Diversified Horizons: An Examination of Intergenerational Changes in Rural Workforce in West Bengal, India

This study investigates the intricate interplay of intergenerational occupational mobility in the rural context of West Bengal. It pursues two primary objectives: understanding intergenerational mobility in the rural farm and non-farm sectors, and examining the influence of caste and education on this mobility. The research relies on data collected through a primary survey conducted in two villages within Birbhum district. The study employs purposive random sampling and various statistical techniques such as descriptive statistics, analysis of variance, chi-square test and likelihood test. Across generations, a noticeable shift from agricultural to non-agricultural occupations is evident, with sons increasingly favouring non-farm work. This trend signifies a changing rural economic landscape and a departure from conventional agricultural roles. Education emerges as a crucial determinant of intergenerational mobility, with sons achieving higher educational levels compared to their fathers. This educational enhancement is particularly impactful in the non-farm sector, facilitating access to regular salaried employment. Caste plays a dual role, maintaining historical associations in some caste-based non-farm activities while witnessing shifts as sons venture into varied roles, including self-employment and regular salaried jobs.