Binary Interior Excision and Nonuniqueness of Graph Homology

We give an explicit nonuniqueness example for the (J1, categorical-product) Eilenberg-Steenrod axioms on Cech closure spaces. Applying the known clique and closed neighborhood complex constructions to the mutual singleton graph gives two integral relative homology theories, with subspace complexes formed intrinsically. For every binary interior cover, both constructions preserve the relevant union and intersection, so excision is an actual relative chain isomorphism. The theories share point coefficient group Z, homotopy invariance, the long exact sequence of a pair and arbitrary coproduct additivity, but on the undirected four-cycle they give the homology of S1 and S2. Their restrictions to finite graph pairs also respect ordinary interval homotopies. The complexes and general closure-space nonuniqueness are established prior work; the focus is the explicit relative binary-cover argument and its graph consequence. This self-audited, unrefereed note does not settle every strengthened axiom variant, and makes no absolute priority claim.

Authors

Publication Details

Journal
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Published
2026-10-13
DOI
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23327482
Primary Topic
Homotopy and Cohomology in Algebraic Topology
Type
preprint
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preprint

Binary Interior Excision and Nonuniqueness of Graph Homology

Alper Ferudun
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Homotopy and Cohomology in Algebraic Topology
preprint

Binary Interior Excision and Nonuniqueness of Graph Homology

Alper Ferudun
preprint en

Abstract

We give an explicit nonuniqueness example for the (J1, categorical-product) Eilenberg-Steenrod axioms on Cech closure spaces. Applying the known clique and closed neighborhood complex constructions to the mutual singleton graph gives two integral relative homology theories, with subspace complexes formed intrinsically. For every binary interior cover, both constructions preserve the relevant union and intersection, so excision is an actual relative chain isomorphism. The theories share point coefficient group Z, homotopy invariance, the long exact sequence of a pair and arbitrary coproduct additivity, but on the undirected four-cycle they give the homology of S1 and S2. Their restrictions to finite graph pairs also respect ordinary interval homotopies. The complexes and general closure-space nonuniqueness are established prior work; the focus is the explicit relative binary-cover argument and its graph consequence. This self-audited, unrefereed note does not settle every strengthened axiom variant, and makes no absolute priority claim.

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Homotopy and Cohomology in Algebraic Topology
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Binary Interior Excision and Nonuniqueness of Graph Homology — Alper Ferudun · Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) (2026) | TGRS Research Map | TGRS