Component-Scale Relationships and Morphological Types of Traditional Mongolian Yurts in Inner Mongolia

Traditional Mongolian yurts in Inner Mongolia vary in wall height, roof inclination, and top profile, but whether these differences arise from stable component-scale relationships remains unclear. This study analyzes measured data from 41 traditional yurts, examines how component dimensions vary with yurt diameter, and classifies overall morphology using the relative heights of the wall, roof, and top. The results show that yurts do not enlarge isometrically: the toono and uni accommodate most horizontal expansion, khana height remains comparatively constrained, and the number of khana sections cannot independently indicate yurt size. Hierarchical clustering identifies four recurring types: moderate-wall–gentle-roof, high-wall–high-roof, high-neck–convex-top, and low-wall–high-roof. These findings explain how differentiated component scaling produces recurring whole-form configurations and provide a reproducible typological basis for measured documentation, digital reconstruction, conservation, and the selection of representative cases for building-performance research.