Contribution of Computed Tomography to the Diagnosis of Urinary Lithiasis at the Ouahigouya Regional University Hospital Center: A Study of 128 Cases (Burkina Faso)

Objectives : To assess the diagnostic contribution of computed tomography (CT) in urinary stone disease at the Ouahigouya Regional University Hospital Center (CHUR-OHG), Burkina Faso, from May 2021 to December 31, 2024. Materials and Methods : We conducted a descriptive retrospective study over approximately four years, from May 1, 2021, to December 31, 2024. We reviewed the CT examinations performed for suspected urinary stone disease during the study period. Results : A total of 128 CT examinations were included. The male-to-female ratio was 1.97, and the mean age was 42.02 years. Renal colic was the most common indication for CT (42.19%). Stones were most frequently located in the ureter (36.72%). The main complications were ureterohydronephrosis (39.85%) and calyceal dilatation (20.32%), whereas no complications were observed in 37.50% of cases. CT most frequently identified calcium oxalate and uric acid stones, accounting for 29.68% and 28.13% of cases, respectively. Stone location was significantly associated with urinary tract obstruction or dilatation (p < 0.001), but not with stone composition (p = 0.746). Prostatic hypertrophy was the most common organic risk factor, identified in 11.71% of cases, whereas no organic risk factor was identified in 77.34% of cases. Conclusion : Computed tomography plays a central role in the diagnosis and therapeutic management of urinary stone disease. It provides valuable information on stone location, composition, and associated urinary tract complications.