Allogeneic Collagen as a Modulator of HIF-1α and MMP-13 Expression in a Wistar Rat Socket Injury Model

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the modulatory effects of allogeneic collagen on HIF-1α and MMP-13 expression during extraction socket healing in a Wistar rat model. Thirty-two male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four experimental groups (n = 8 per group): a control group evaluated on day 7, a control group evaluated on day 14, an allogeneic collagen treatment group evaluated on day 7, and an allogeneic collagen treatment group evaluated on day 14. In the control groups, the extraction sockets were allowed to heal spontaneously without material application. In the treatment groups, allogeneic collagen was applied immediately after tooth extraction. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 27.0. The experimental design included two independent factors, treatment (control and allogeneic collagen) and observation time (days 7 and 14); data were analyzed using two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) to determine the main effects of treatment and observation time and their interaction on HIF-1α and MMP-13 expression. Post hoc multiple-comparison analysis was performed to compare differences among the four experimental groups. A p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. The AC group showed significantly higher HIF-1α expression than the control group on both day 7 (18.50 ± 1.41 vs. 15.50 ± 2.07) and day 14 (14.25 ± 1.66 vs. 11.87 ± 1.45; p < 0.05). MMP-13 expression was significantly lower in the AC group than in the control group on day 7 (14.12 ± 1.24 vs. 15.87 ± 1.24) and day 14 (7.62 ± 1.40 vs. 14.87 ± 1.24; p < 0.05). Allogeneic collagen modulated HIF-1α and MMP-13 expression during extraction socket healing, characterized by increased HIF-1α expression and reduced MMP-13 expression compared with spontaneous healing.