A dual approach to logistics infrastructure management in critical opera-tions and resource-limited environments

The paper examines the essence of the dual approach to managing logistics infrastructure under conditions of critical need and limited resources, which entails the coexistence of two fundamentally different management modes (standard and critical), with switching between them based on objective indicators. The need to develop a balanced logistics infrastructure capable of operating in both standard and critical modes is substantiated. It is emphasized that under conditions of limited resources and high instability of external factors, a problem arises of simultaneously ensuring efficiency during the standard operation of the logistics infrastructure and its operation in critical situations. The characteristics of two management modes (standard and critical) are examined, and the mechanism for switching between them is investigated. In the standard mode, the logistics infrastructure operates on the push principle, as it is focused on minimizing operating costs and efficiently allocating limited resources. The main goal is to minimize costs; the key KPI is the cost of delivering a unit of cargo. In critical mode, the logistics infrastructure operates on a pull principle, in which the movement of cargo is initiated by the demand driven resource requirements. The main goal is to minimize delivery time and ensure reliability; the key KPI is the delivery time for critical cargo from the point of origin to the point of consumption, with monitoring to ensure that deliveries are not disrupted. The use of a dual approach ensures the transition from normal mode to critical mode and back when indicators are triggered. The transport and logistics infrastructure of Russian regions is being studied as a testing ground for the dual approach. The infrastructure features of Russia’s regions have been identified based on a comparative analysis of the key provisions of the “Transport Strategy of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2030, with a forecast up to 2035”, analysed in terms of the main components of the Unified Core Transport Network: international transport corridors, port infrastructure, the network of civil aviation airfields (airports), the main transport network of urban agglomerations, core logistics infrastructure, and also the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation. The study established that Russia’s Unified Reference Transport Network is a logistics system with clearly defined “non compressible nodes” and extensive “flexible zones”. It is characterized by a high degree of differentiation of problems depending on the macro region and the type of transport; solutions to these problems are proposed based on the implementation of digital technologies, in particular, the creation of a digital control loop that ensures automatic mode switching when the relevant indicators are triggered.