An urban patrol case urgency classification method based on self-supervised clustering of a graph neural network

Accurate assessment of urban patrol cases plays an important role in maintaining urban safety and improving the efficiency of urban governance. The hazard level of urban patrol cases can be reflected by the urgency level and prioritizing high-urgency cases can help reduce potential risks to public safety. However, it remains challenging to assess the urgency level of urban patrol cases when reliable urgency labels are limited or unavailable. To address this problem, this paper proposes an urban patrol case urgency classification method based on self-supervised clustering of a graph neural network. First, a case-relationship graph is constructed from urban patrol cases. A graph attention-based autoencoder is then pretrained to learn node representations, and K-means is used to initialize cluster centers. Finally, representation learning and clustering are jointly optimized to identify urgency-oriented clusters without using manual labels during training. Experimental validation was conducted using 6126 urban patrol case records from Zhengzhou, China. The proposed method achieved a Recall of 0.7458, Precision of 0.7465, ACC of 0.7424, F1 of 0.7403, and NMI of 0.4517. Compared with TADW, the strongest baseline, the proposed method improved these metrics by 0.0617, 0.0479, 0.0650, 0.0690, and 0.0407, respectively. These results demonstrate that the proposed method can effectively learn urgency-related latent representations and improve the classification quality of urban patrol cases.