A distributed framework for coordination of green energy communities and renewable-rich distribution systems

A collection of consumers, prosumers, homes or buildings may form an energy community. Optimal coordination between energy communities and distribution systems is of great importance. Although a lot of research effort has already targeted operational planning of energy communities, their coordination with local power grids has received comparatively limited attention in the literature. On the other hand, recently, the research on fully renewable energy systems has got considerable momentum; so, in this research, the main objective is to develop an efficient methodology for coordination of fully renewable/green energy communities and local active renewable-rich distribution systems. In a distributed optimisation framework, alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) is used for optimal coordination of green, battery-integrated residential energy communities and renewable-rich distribution systems. In the proposed adaptive ADMM, in an iterative process, some penalty terms are added to the objectives of energy communities and active distribution system. In the developed model, energy communities are able to exchange both active and reactive power with distribution system; they also include capacitor banks as reactive power resources. The results show that the proposed ADMM efficiently coordinates energy communities and distribution system. The developed adaptive ADMM converges to an equilibrium, optimising the operation of distribution system and energy communities.