Adaptive Low‐Pass Filter Energy Management With Fuzzy Logic Control for Hybrid Energy Storage System

ABSTRACT Hybrid electric mining haul trucks offer significant potential for energy conservation, cost reduction, and emission mitigation. However, their heavy‐load nature necessitates an Energy Storage System (ESS) capable of concurrent high‐energy and high‐power density. This study addresses this need by focusing on a lithium battery‐supercapacitor hybrid ESS (HESS). This study proposed an adaptive filtering‐based energy management strategy for efficient power allocation and DC bus voltage regulation. The core method leverages online Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) analysis to dynamically calculate the low‐pass filter's cutoff frequency for real‐time power distribution. Concurrently, a fuzzy control‐based voltage compensation mechanism is developed to mitigate bus voltage instability. The integrated EMS is validated through Model‐in‐the‐Loop (MIL) simulation and Hardware‐in‐the‐Loop (HIL) testing. Simulation results confirm the superior performance of the combined strategy. Under high‐power pulsed conditions, the supercapacitor's contribution to pulse power demonstrated a 27.2% enhancement compared to fixed‐parameter methods, resulting in significantly enhanced output voltage stability for the composite power supply.