Longitudinal Multi-Night Home-Based Sleep Assessment Before and After Metabolic Bariatric Surgery: Protocol for the SLEEP-BAM Cohort

Abstract Study Objectives Sleep disturbances are common in people with obesity and in candidates for metabolic bariatric surgery, but sleep is often evaluated mainly through obstructive sleep apnea screening or subjective questionnaires. SLEEP-BAM aims to evaluate longitudinal changes in sleep quality from before surgery to approximately 1 year after surgery using multi-night home-based wearable monitoring. The primary objective is to assess change in Garmin Sleep Score, a pragmatic device-derived composite measure of sleep quality. Methods This single-center, prospective, within-subject cohort study will include 50 adults scheduled for primary metabolic bariatric surgery at Catharina Hospital Eindhoven, The Netherlands. Participants will complete two 5-night home measurement periods: between 3 months and 2 weeks preoperatively and approximately 1 year postoperatively. During each period, participants will wear a Garmin Index Sleep Monitor and a research-grade upper-arm wearable and will complete sleep diaries and validated questionnaires. Objective sleep, sleep timing, peripheral oxygen saturation, photoplethysmography-derived pulse rate variability features, subjective sleep, quality of life, and clinical outcomes including percentage total weight loss will be assessed. Results Recruitment commenced in September 2026. Data collection is ongoing, and no participant outcome data have yet been analyzed. Conclusions SLEEP-BAM will characterize sleep trajectories after metabolic bariatric surgery using repeated real-world sleep assessment. The findings may clarify how objective and subjective sleep measures change after major weight loss and support future sleep-focused interventions or wearable-derived sleep algorithms in this population. Clinical Trial Information Name: Longitudinal Multi-Night Home-Based Sleep Assessment Before and After Metabolic Bariatric Surgery: Protocol for the SLEEP-BAM Cohort URL: https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07693491 Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT07693491