Can Stochastic Sensing of Amino Acids in Whole Blood, Urine, and Saliva Predict Gastric Tumor Growth and Extension?

Background: Although amino acids have been correlated with gastric cancer progression, most previous investigations have focused on a single biological matrix and have not differentiated between the two enantiomeric forms. Methods: In this study, we investigated the associations between the stereoisomeric profiles of 12 amino acids in whole blood, urine, and saliva and the clinicopathological features of gastric cancer. Samples from 33 patients were analyzed using a stochastic sensing platform, and the data were processed with Excel and MATLAB R1. Results: Distinct amino acid patterns were associated with tumor location, size, thickness, local extension, and pathological T stage. Specific stereoisomeric profiles were associated with tumors extending to the pylorus, duodenum, and esophagus, as well as with disease stage. Conclusions: These findings suggest that a combined analysis of L- and D-amino acid stereoisomers across multiple biological fluids may yield useful minimally invasive molecular profiles for monitoring gastric cancer progression and invasion.