Comparison between environmental impacts generated during the implementation phase of a hydroelectric power plant and a photovoltaic power plant

Abstract This study analyzes the environmental impacts associated with the implementation phase of a photovoltaic power plant, comparing them to the impacts of a hydroelectric power plant, based on real data obtained from Environmental Impact Assessments (EIA) and Environmental Impact Reports (RIMA). The methodology uses environmental assessment matrices applied in licensing processes, allowing for the quantification and qualification of impacts numerically. The results indicate that, although negative impacts occur during implementation, most are temporary, of low magnitude, and have mitigation potential, demonstrating the environmental viability of solar photovoltaic generation.