Teaching Direction Control in Horse Riding: A Pre–Post Intervention Proof-of-Concept Study Using Multi-Modal Motor Learning Techniques

Many riders experience persistent communication problems with their horses, particularly in controlling speed and direction, despite extensive training. This proof-of-concept study employed a pre-test–post-test intervention design to examine the effectiveness of the Four-Step Riding Programme (FSRP) in developing clear rider–horse body language for direction control. Multi-modal motor learning techniques (MMLTs) were applied to five rider–horse dyads during four one-hour lessons to teach coordinated movement patterns necessary for directional accuracy. Rider–horse communication was evaluated before and after the intervention using video recordings of 13 riding exercises. Three independent assessors rated the performances on a 5-point Likert scale, and riders provided self-assessments on the same scale. Horse stride parameters, reflecting shoulder control, were visualised with the Alogo™ Move Pro electronic sensor. Significant improvements were observed between pre- and post-intervention scores across all assessors and participants (p < 0.05). These preliminary findings suggest that the FSRP holds promise for facilitating the acquisition of rider–horse body language necessary for precise direction control.