Antimicrobial activity of green-synthesized MgO nanoparticles by using Sideritis perfoliata and Thymbra spicata var. spicata extracts

In the present study, MgO nanoparticles (NPs) were green-synthesized using Sideritis perfoliata (SPE) and Thymbra spicata var. spicata (TSE) extracts. XRD and SEM analyses were used for the characterization of these NPs. Furthermore, green-synthesized MgO NPs were evaluated against various strains (E. faecalis, Y. enterocolitica, E. coli, S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, A. baumannii) to determine antibacterial activity. XRD data reveal the polycrystalline cubic structure of the green-synthesized MgO NPs. SEM images of MgO NPs produced with SPE and TSE showed that they had smooth surfaces and approximately spherical and crescent-like forms, respectively. MgO nanoparticles produced using SPE and TSE extracts were found to have noticeably different sizes, approximately 80 and 250 nm, respectively. Additionally, the antibacterial responses of the tested strains varied depending on the plant extract used, with the largest inhibition zones observed against A. baumannii for TSE-derived MgO NPs (13.0 ± 1.0 mm) and E. faecalis for SPE-derived MgO NPs (9.0 ± 0.5 mm). The present study is the first report on the antibacterial activity of green-synthesized MgO NPs by using extracts of S. perfoliata and T. spicata var. spicata collected from Osmaniye province (The East Mediterranean Region) of Türkiye